Lily+R,+Liv,+Alicia,+Harriet+-+Cloning


 * Lily**, Liv, Alicia and Harriet's page

__//**What is Cloning?**//__ Cloning is when you remove a cell from the animal that is to be cloned and transfer it into an unfertilized egg inside a female animal of the same speicies in order to create a copy of the animal with the same genetics. So far 20 animals have been cloned.

__//**What is harvesting organs?**//__ Harvesting organs is basically organ donation which is when a person who has died __willingly__ gives ones organs for other people in need of them for transplants such as people with desises in their organs.

A cross species transplant is called Xenotransplantation. In many cases the immune system has been known to reject the other species organs.

In 1998 in attemt to make the human immune system accept a pigs organ scientists genetically modified a pig by switching off a certain gene therefor making them as John Fung, of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center puts it, "less piggish". picture -Science-education.nih.gov
 * __//Why cloning is good//__**
 * By cloning and harvesting animals for their organs Doctors are

able to give their patient another chance at life by giving them the organ that they need.
 * When scientists find a perfect sheep (for example) It would be healthy and strong.

Now that they have this perfect sheep and it has really healthy organs they can clone the animal so that they can give the organs to people in need.
 * When a patient is in need of an organ the may not live long enough for someone to die to get their organ.

But if we have an animal with perfect organs scientists can clone the animal and donate the organ to the person in need.
 * With cloning scientists would be able to save endangered species by cloning them to make more because you only

need 3 of the species and only one has to be female.
 * cloned animals can go for a lot of money, a clone dairy bull was offered for sale for $400,000.

__//**Why Cloning is bad**//__ Some of the reasons why cloning is bad are- .Cloning can cost alot of money and to clone you also need to have experts on bioligy. .Once an animal is cloned they have a higher risk of dying young. .Around 90% of the time the cloning process either doesnt work or has major implications. It took 277 tries before dolly was succsessfully cloned. .They are thinking of making cloning factories where they are kept in a warehouse/factory and raised to be cloned and killed for their meat and organs. So they are born in a factory, raised in a factory and killed in a factory and haver never lived a realy life or seen the outside world and the same happens to their "clones". .There is also a chance of desease transfer. When an animal has a desease that is unknown or a faulty gene and an organ is transfered into a human, this could mean that the human could die instantly or get a disease that is caused by a faulty organ. .If we are eventually able to clone humans then we could alter genes so that we could "make" a human that could be classified as perfect. This would also mean that there would be no real need for the male gene. ( Most of this information has come from - " Thinkquest.org" )

__//**What are the risks of cloning?**//__ the process cloning is expensive and hardly ever works affectivly. More than 90% of cloning attempts fail. Due to low success rates, cloned animals are found to have immune systems that are not as strong as they should be, and higher rates of infection, tumor growth, and other disorders. Japanese studies have shown that cloned mice live in bad health and die early. About a third of the cloned calves born alive have died young, and many of them were unusually large. Lots of cloned animals have not lived long enough to create good data about how clones age. Appearing healthy at a young age unfortunately is not a good sign of a long life. Clones have been known to die mysteriously. For example, Australia's first cloned sheep appeared healthy and energetic on the day she died, and the results from her autopsy failed to show a cause of death.- olivia

Bibliography: (Websites) - thinkquest.org -catholiceducation.org -www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources -cloneorgans.com -Cloning-theage -Cloningfactsheet -Science-education.nih.gov -Sciencedaily.com -articles.cnn.com/health -buisnesspundit.com